{"id":1194,"date":"2026-08-21T19:23:27","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T11:23:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/?p=1194"},"modified":"2026-08-21T19:39:39","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T11:39:39","slug":"too-high-preload-deep-groove-ball-bearings","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/too-high-preload-deep-groove-ball-bearings\/","title":{"rendered":"Too High Preload Deep Groove Ball Bearings &#8211; Symptoms, Causes &#038; Fixes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Too high preload deep groove ball bearings<\/strong> generate <strong>excessive friction<\/strong>, spike <strong>operating temperature<\/strong>, and shorten <strong>service life<\/strong> long before rated load limits are reached. Controlled <strong>axial force<\/strong> removes play; over-tightening crushes <strong>internal clearance<\/strong> and triggers <strong>thermal expansion<\/strong> lock-up.<\/p>\n<p>This guide maps warning signs, failure modes, root causes, and correction steps &#8211; from <strong>wave spring<\/strong> \/ <strong>adjusting spring<\/strong> options to <strong>rigid preload<\/strong> pitfalls &#8211; so assemblies stay below the safe <strong>thrust load<\/strong> envelope.<\/p>\n<h2>Too High Preload Deep Groove Ball Bearings: Axial Force Basics<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Bearing preload<\/strong> is the constant <strong>axial force<\/strong> applied to a bearing to remove internal play, control ball motion, and boost rotational accuracy. Setting <strong>too high preload deep groove ball bearings<\/strong> creates severe mechanical strain, leading to high <strong>operating temperature<\/strong> and early <strong>bearing failure<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Radial Clearance vs Axial Preload<\/h3>\n<p>Understanding how internal dimensions interact helps prevent <strong>excessive friction<\/strong> and premature wear.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Parameter<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Radial Internal Clearance<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Axial Preload<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Force Vector<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Perpendicular to the shaft<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Parallel to the shaft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Core Purpose<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Absorbs <strong>thermal expansion<\/strong> and shaft alignment variance<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Removes internal play to prevent ball skidding<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Control Method<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Set at the factory (e.g., <strong>radial internal clearance C3<\/strong>)<sup><a href=\"#ref-1\" class=\"cite-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 1: ABMA bearing standards\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Set during assembly using <strong>rigid preload<\/strong> or springs (see <a href=\"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/preloading-deep-groove-ball-bearings\/\">preloading deep groove ball bearings<\/a> for method comparison)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Over-Tightening Impact<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Loose fits cause noise and shaft wobble<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Excessive preload<\/strong> crushes rolling elements and damages raceways<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Why Deep Groove Ball Bearings Are Sensitive to Over-Preloading<\/h3>\n<p>Standard deep groove bearings naturally support radial loads with light <strong>thrust load<\/strong> capacity &#8211; see <a href=\"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/axial-load-vs-radial-load-in-deep-groove-ball-bearings\/\">axial load vs radial load in deep groove ball bearings<\/a> for mixed-load limits. Subjecting them to excessive axial pressure dramatically reduces their <strong>service life<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Steep Contact Stress:<\/strong> High axial pressure forces balls up the raceway wall, generating heavy contact friction.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rapid Thermal Expansion:<\/strong> Friction rapidly generates heat, causing balls to expand faster than the housing and destroying remaining <strong>internal clearance<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Film Breakdown:<\/strong> Extreme pressure squeezes out rolling lubricant, causing metal-to-metal contact and permanent raceway scoring.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Immediate Signs and Symptoms of Too High Preload<\/h2>\n<p>When you run too high preload in deep groove ball bearings, the system gives clear warning signs long before catastrophic failure occurs.<\/p>\n<h3>Bearing Operating Temperature Spike<\/h3>\n<p>Excessive axial tension forces the rolling elements tightly into the raceways, generating severe friction that rapidly drives up temperature.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Rapid Heat Buildup:<\/strong> Operating temperatures spike past standard threshold limits, often exceeding 180\u00b0F (82\u00b0C) within minutes of initial startup<sup><a href=\"#ref-2\" class=\"cite-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 2: NIST SI temperature metrology\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thermal Runaway Cycle:<\/strong> Heat expands the shaft faster than the bearing housing can dissipate it. This differential thermal expansion reduces remaining internal clearance, creating even more friction and pushing temperatures higher.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Excessive Bearing Frictional Torque<\/h3>\n<p>Setting too high preload on deep groove ball bearings creates heavy resistance during rotation.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>High Breakaway Torque:<\/strong> The shaft requires significantly more force to start moving from a standstill.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rotational Drag:<\/strong> The assembly feels stiff, &#8220;notchy,&#8221; or resistant to smooth manual turning.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Motor Overamp:<\/strong> Electric motors draw higher baseline current just to overcome initial starting torque and maintain operating speed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Abnormal Noise and Vibration<\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Acoustic \/ Vibration Signal<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Underlying Root Cause<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>High-pitched whining or humming<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Rolling elements pinched tight against raceway shoulders under heavy thrust force<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Grinding or harsh buzzing<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Metal-to-metal contact caused by severe film breakdown<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>High-frequency vibration spikes<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Internal ring distortion and ball deformation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Lubricant Breakdown Friction and Damage<\/h3>\n<p>Over-preloading squeezes the oil film directly out of the contact zone, accelerating grease oxidation and causing premature wear.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Grease Discoloration:<\/strong> High localized contact temperatures turn grease dark brown or black as the thickener burns.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Oil Separation and Baking:<\/strong> Heat bakes base oils into hard carbon deposits, robbing the bearing of lubrication and drastically shortening lubricant service life.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Visible Leakage:<\/strong> Liquefied grease thins out and bypasses bearing seals, leaving the internal components completely unprotected.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Failure Modes Caused by Excessive Bearing Preload<\/h2>\n<p>When running <strong>too high preload deep groove ball bearings<\/strong>, internal stresses ramp up exponentially. Over-preloading creates extreme contact stresses that rapidly destroy internal components long before their rated service life.<\/p>\n<h3>Accelerated Fatigue Spalling Along Raceways<\/h3>\n<p>Excessive axial force creates continuous heavy contact between the balls and raceway walls. This relentless pressure accelerates subsurface fatigue.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Raceway Flaking:<\/strong> High contact stress causes micro-cracks beneath the surface, peeling off metal flakes along the ball path.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Premature Fatigue:<\/strong> <strong>Bearing raceway fatigue spalling<\/strong> appears thousands of operating hours ahead of schedule.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Asymmetrical Wear Tracks:<\/strong> Heavy, offset track marks reveal uneven load distribution across the inner and outer rings.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Thermal Expansion and Clearance Locking<\/h3>\n<p>Running excessive preload generates continuous friction, causing a rapid <strong>bearing operating temperature spike<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Condition<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Thermal Impact<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Machine Outcome<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>High Friction Torque<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Heat builds faster than the housing dissipates it<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Rapid grease breakdown and loss of film lubrication<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Differential Expansion<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Inner ring expands faster than outer ring<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Loss of remaining <strong>radial internal clearance<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Clearance Reduction<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Balls clamp tight between raceways<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Sudden <strong>thermal expansion bearing seizure<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Ball Skidding, Plastic Deformation, and Cage Wear<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Plastic Deformation:<\/strong> Extreme loads cause permanent micro-dents along raceways, leading to constant vibration.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ball Skidding:<\/strong> Dragged rolling elements lose pure rolling motion, causing surface smearing and deep scoring.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Severe Cage Damage:<\/strong> Frictional heat distorts cage pockets, causing pocket cracking, binding, and complete cage breakdown.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Complete Bearing Seizure and Shaft Damage<\/h3>\n<p>Unchecked <strong>excessive preload<\/strong> always leads to catastrophic mechanical failure.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ring Fracturing:<\/strong> Extreme hoop stresses combined with thermal shock split inner or outer rings.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Shaft and Housing Scoring:<\/strong> Once the bearing locks up, the shaft spins inside the inner ring bore, galling precision mounting surfaces.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Catastrophic Equipment Downtime:<\/strong> Seized bearings frequently snap drive shafts and damage surrounding housing components.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Selecting the right fit and utilizing <strong>radial internal clearance C3<\/strong> options prevents preload buildup and reduces risk of premature <strong>bearing failure<\/strong> under <strong>thermal expansion<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2>Root Causes of Too High Preload in Deep Groove Bearings<\/h2>\n<p>When we analyze failed machinery assemblies, we usually trace <strong>too high preload deep groove ball bearings<\/strong> back to four primary engineering and installation mistakes.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Root Cause<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Mechanical Impact<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Corrective Strategy<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Incorrect Locknut Torque &amp; Shim Thickness<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Over-tightening locknuts or choosing thick shims applies unexpected axial forces directly to raceways.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Follow precise <strong>locknut torque setting bearing<\/strong> guidelines and measure shim stacks with precision feelers.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Thermal Expansion Differentials<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Operating heat expands the shaft faster than the housing, crushing internal clearances.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Calculate growth rates accurately to prevent <strong>thermal expansion bearing seizure<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Wrong Clearance Selection<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Installing tight-fit bearings (like C2) leaves zero room for operational thermal growth.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Upgrade to <strong>radial internal clearance C3<\/strong> for standard electric motor and drive applications.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Rigid Mounting Misalignment<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Locking bearings in fixed back-to-back or face-to-face arrangements eliminates mechanical play.<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Avoid extreme <strong>rigid preload<\/strong> setups without compliant elements like <strong>wave springs<\/strong> or a <strong>wave washer<\/strong>.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Improper Locknut Torque and Shim Errors<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Over-torquing locknuts during shaft mounting crushes the bearing races together.<\/li>\n<li>Stacking unmeasured or uneven shims applies heavy, localized axial forces.<\/li>\n<li>Use calibrated torque wrenches to maintain proper clamp load without causing <strong>excessive preload<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Thermal Expansion Differentials<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Shafts naturally run hotter than outer housings during continuous operation.<\/li>\n<li>Rapid shaft expansion reduces internal space, driving up <strong>excessive bearing frictional torque<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Without room to float axially, thermal expansion quickly over-preloads the entire assembly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Incorrect Radial Internal Clearance<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Selecting a C2 clearance bearing in a tight housing interference fit squeezes internal gaps shut.<\/li>\n<li>Specifying <strong>radial internal clearance C3<\/strong> ensures sufficient operational space as temperatures rise.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Rigid Mounting Setup Pitfalls<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Pairing bearings in rigid back-to-back (DB) or face-to-face (DF) arrangements leaves zero room for manufacturing tolerances.<\/li>\n<li>Minor machining errors on shafts or housings drastically multiply preload forces, causing premature fatigue and heat spikes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>How to Correct and Prevent Excessive Preload<\/h2>\n<p>Correcting improper preload prevents total assembly failure and protects overall service life. When dealing with <strong>too high preload deep groove ball bearings<\/strong>, immediate adjustments avoid severe heat damage and shaft friction. Four proven methods establish optimal operating conditions and control <strong>axial force<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Correction Method<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Key Advantage<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Best Application<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Precision Shims &amp; Locknuts<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Direct axial control<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Rigid mounting setups<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Spring-Loaded Preload<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Dynamic thermal compensation<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">High-speed applications (e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/product\/high-speed-deep-groove-ball-bearings-for-electric-motors\/\">high-speed deep groove ball bearings for electric motors<\/a>)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Increased Radial Clearance<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Handles extreme heat expansion<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">High-temperature equipment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Test Run Monitoring<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Catches assembly errors early<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Quality assurance &amp; setup<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Adjust Locknut Torque and Use Precision Shims<\/h3>\n<p>Rigid preloading relies on precise mechanical tolerances. Over-tightening leads to an improper <strong>locknut torque setting bearing<\/strong> assembly, raising <strong>excessive bearing frictional torque<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Calibrate Torque:<\/strong> Tighten locknuts to exact specification to avoid crushing raceways under excessive thrust load.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Measure Shim Thickness:<\/strong> Use precision shims to adjust axial position precisely and maintain proper alignment<sup><a href=\"#ref-3\" class=\"cite-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 3: NIST SI length metrology\">[3]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Switch to Spring-Loaded Constant Pressure Preloading<\/h3>\n<p>Replacing rigid spacers with a <strong>wave washer<\/strong> or <strong>wave spring<\/strong> shifts your setup from rigid to constant-pressure preloading.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Absorb Expansion:<\/strong> Springs compress dynamically as components heat up, keeping operating load within the safe <strong>bearing preload limit<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Reduce Friction:<\/strong> In a <strong>spring preload vs rigid preload<\/strong> comparison, spring preloading provides significantly higher tolerance against dimensional changes, preventing <strong>excessive friction<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Select Radial Internal Clearance C3 or C4<\/h3>\n<p>Using standard clearance in high-heat environments causes thermal growth to lock internal components, leading to <strong>thermal expansion bearing seizure<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Upgrade Internal Clearance:<\/strong> Upgrading to <strong>radial internal clearance C3<\/strong> or C4 provides necessary internal play before installation.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Compensate for Heat:<\/strong> Extra <strong>internal clearance<\/strong> absorbs the expansion of the inner ring, keeping <strong>operating temperature<\/strong> stable under continuous load.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Measure Breakaway Torque and Track Temperature Spikes<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Check Breakaway Torque:<\/strong> Measure starting rotational resistance to ensure the bearing moves smoothly without binding.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Monitor Initial Run-In:<\/strong> Watch for an unexpected <strong>operating temperature<\/strong> spike during test runs, which signals the need for immediate preload reduction to avoid <strong>lubricant damage<\/strong> and <strong>premature wear<\/strong><sup><a href=\"#ref-2\" class=\"cite-ref\" aria-label=\"Reference 2: NIST SI temperature metrology\">[2]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)<\/h2>\n<h3>Can you preload a standard deep groove ball bearing?<\/h3>\n<p>Yes, you can apply an <strong>axial force<\/strong> to standard deep groove ball bearings, but only within strict limits. These bearings are built primarily for radial loads, though they handle moderate <strong>thrust load<\/strong> applications when set up properly.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Spring preload:<\/strong> Using a wave washer or adjusting spring delivers constant, controlled pressure that tolerates thermal expansion.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rigid preload:<\/strong> Precision clamping with a locknut torque setting demands exact tolerances to avoid setting <strong>too high preload deep groove ball bearings<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Clearance selection:<\/strong> Always verify internal clearance. Choosing a <strong>radial internal clearance C3<\/strong> prevents thermal locking under axial load.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>How do I know if my bearing preload is set too high?<\/h3>\n<p>Detecting excessive preload early prevents catastrophic bearing failure during initial test runs. Watch for these immediate physical red flags:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Bearing operating temperature spike:<\/strong> The housing rapidly overheats due to excessive friction within minutes of startup.<\/li>\n<li><strong>High breakaway torque:<\/strong> The shaft feels stiff or difficult to turn manually before motor engagement.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Acoustic noise:<\/strong> A high-pitched whining or humming sound signals intense raceway pressure.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grease discoloration:<\/strong> Darkened or scorched grease indicates severe lubricant breakdown friction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Will increasing preload always improve bearing stiffness?<\/h3>\n<p>No. While controlled axial preloading removes internal play and increases shaft rigidity, exceeding the bearing preload limit causes severe operational issues.<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Preload Level<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">System Stiffness<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Operating Temperature<\/th>\n<th style=\"text-align: left;\">Bearing Service Life<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Optimal Preload<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Maximum targeted rigidity<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Stable \/ Normal<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Full service life<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Excessive Preload<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Negligible increase<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Rapid thermal spikes<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">Early fatigue spalling<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Beyond the optimal threshold, excessive bearing frictional torque generates extreme heat. This heat triggers thermal expansion, removes remaining internal clearance, and causes <strong>thermal expansion bearing seizure<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>How does high preload affect grease service life?<\/h3>\n<p>Excessive preload dramatically reduces grease service life by destroying its chemical structure through intense friction and heat.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thermal oxidation:<\/strong> Elevated temperatures degrade base oils, leading to rapid lubricant damage and dried-out thickeners.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mechanical shearing:<\/strong> Heavy contact stress squeezes grease away from ball contact zones, causing metal-to-metal contact.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Premature wear:<\/strong> Depleted lubrication accelerates bearing raceway fatigue spalling and causes total bearing failure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"references\">\n<h2 id=\"references\">References<\/h2>\n<ol class=\"references-list\">\n<li id=\"ref-1\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.abma-dc.org\/About\/Standards.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">ABMA &#8211; American Bearing Manufacturers Association Standards<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"ref-2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/pml\/owm\/si-units-temperature\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">NIST &#8211; SI Units: Temperature (operating temperature monitoring)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"ref-3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/pml\/owm\/si-units-length\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">NIST &#8211; SI Units: Length (shim thickness and axial position metrology)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7ok y\u00fcksek \u00f6n y\u00fck\u00fcn yatakl\u0131 \u00e7elik yuvarlar: a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nma torku ve ar\u0131za, ayr\u0131ca daha g\u00fcvenli C3 C4 bo\u015fluk ve dalga yay\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerini \u00f6\u011frenin<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1196,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1194","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1194","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1194"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1194\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1195,"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1194\/revisions\/1195"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1196"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1194"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1194"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/jnbearings.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1194"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}